hi everyone on this occasion I will explain the material about " cause and effect "
A | DEFINITION
Cause and effect text is a type of paragraph that contains the author's analysis of cause and effect. This paragraph begins with the causes which are outlined at the beginning of the sentence and is then drawn to a general conclusion which is the result of the described causes.
This cause and effect paragraph model is often used in writing essays and text explanations. This is because this model is considered to have a clear and structured flow of ideas, so that readers can easily understand it when reading it.
B | STRUCTURE
The cause and effect paragraph has the following structure:
a | Have a main idea on the topic of sentences that will be covered in the whole paragraph.
b | Have supporting details or supporting sentences in the form of causes.
c | End with a concluding sentence or a conclusion in the form of a result.
BECAUSE OF
Because of / due to is a preposition of a word or two-word conjunction, used before a noun or pronoun. Because of means by reason of, which is then followed by an object in the form of a noun or phrase, pronoun, or verb-ing.
Formula
because of / due to + noun (phrase) / pronoun / verb-ing
a| Because of/Due to + noun phrase
We were bored because of the speech.
John was worried because of the rain.
b| Because of/Due to + pronoun
It’s all because of me, he lost everything.
We should reflect on what we did all this time. I think he dropped out because of us.
c| Because of/Due to + verb-ing
Because of feeling happy, Edward sings loudly.
Because of feeling sick, Tiara didn’t come to school today.
BECAUSE
Because is the subordinate conjunction or is a conjunction, which is used at the beginning of a clause or clause, before the subject and the verb. For the rules of using because + clause it must be followed or completed with the main clause because the word (because + clause) cannot stand alone.
Formula
Because / Due to the fact that + Subject + Verb / clause + main clause | main clause + because + clause / subject + verb
We were bored because the speech is too long.
Because the film is not so good, I'm not happy
Sinta makes a cake because her mother wants it.
To find a cause, ask, why did this happen?
*To find an effect, ask, what happen?
Example:
It rained, so I get wet.
Signal words
When we talk about cause, we use the following signal words:
Signal words
When we talk about effect resulting from a certain cause, we use the following signal words:
Because
As a result
The reason for
Then
On account of
Hence
Bring about
For this reason
Give rise to
Therefore
Created by
Outcome
Contributed to
So
Led to
Consequently
Due to
Finally
For this reason
In order to
Unless
Sentence
Cause and Effect Relationship
Sumatran tigers are almost extinct because people killed too many of them.
Cause: People killed too many of them
Effect: Sumatran tigers are almost extinct
Haze is caused by massive forest burning.
Cause: Massive forest burning
Effect: Haze
Since they are in love, they forgive each other mistakes
Cause: They are in love
Effect: They forgive each other mistakes
Early man learnt to grow food, and as a result, their lives became easier.
Cause: Early man learnt to grow food
Effect: Their lives became easier
Let’s talk a look at the sentence structure of cause and effect.
Due to, because of, owing to, and thanks so are followed by a noun
Due to
Noun
Because of
Owing to
Thanks so
Because, since, as, for are followed by a verb.
Due to
Subject + verb
Because of
Owing to
Thanks so
Dialog
Najwa : "Hello Ratna"
Ratna : "Hai Najwa".
Najwa : "How are you?".
Ratna : "I'm very well,and you?".
Najwa : "I'm fine,what are you doing?".
Ratna : "I'm worried about my friend".
Najwa : "What happen with your friend?".
Ratna : "My friend was grounded,because he cheated on a test".
Najwa : "Oh,he he deserves to be punished".
tanya : : "yes that's right.Najwa what happend with your sister yesterday?".
Najwa : "It's nothing,my sister was scared of the mouse,so she yelled for help".
Ratna : "Really?, i think your sister was hurt".
Najwa : "No.Ratna the break time finished i must go back to class".
Ratna : "Ok Najwa,bye!".
Najwa : "Bye Ratna ,see you tomorrow!".
Ratna : "see you!".
Excercise Page 79 - 81
A.
Early man used weapons because they needed to find food. Cause
The glaciers began to melt; therefore, the land bridge between Asia and North America became flooded. Effect
Because they wanted to learn about different civilizations that existed, archaeologists studied artifacts. Cause
Early man slowly started to grow food, and as a result, their lives became easier. Cause
My sister was very tired because she stayed up pas midnight. Effect
B.
1. Cause : It was very windy
Effect : All the flights were cancelled
Sentence : It was very windy; therefore, all flights were canceled
2. Cause : She ate too much
Effect : She has stomachache
Sentence : She has a stomachache because she ate too much
3. Cause : I ran out of money
Effect : I can't go shopping
Sentence : I can't go shopping because I ran out of money
4. Cause : He is afraid to fly
Effect : He is not on plane
Sentence : He is afraid to fly; therefore, he is not on plane
5. Cause : After the car accident
Effect : He was hospitalized
Sentence : After the car accident, he was hospitalized
C.
1. The milk spilled all over the floor, so Jane got a mop and cleaned it up.
Cause : Milk spilled
Effect : Jane mopped
2. Siti has planned a trip to her uncle's house because she loves her cousins.
Cause : She loved
Effect : Siti has planned a trip
3. The green house gases trap the heat in the air, so the Earth becomes warmer.
Cause : The green house gases
Effect : The earth becomes warmer
4. Because the sumatran tigers were almost extinct, the Indonesian goverment declared them as endangered species.
Cause : The sumatran tigers were almost extinct
Effect : The Indonesian goverment declared them as endangered species
5. Animals are becoming extinct because humans are moving into their habitats.
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